THE EFFECT OF CONGKLAK MEDIA ON ELEMENTARY STUDENTS' MATHEMATICS LEARNING OUTCOMES  AND SELF-CONFIDENCE

Henderina Lilihata; La Suha Ishabu; Nessy Pattimukay

doi:10.37478/jupika.v9i2.8438

Authors

Henderina Lilihata Department of Elementary School Teacher Education, Pattimura University, Ambon City, Indonesia
La Suha Ishabu Department of Elementary School Teacher Education, Pattimura University, Ambon City, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8525-8555
Nessy Pattimukay Department of Elementary School Teacher Education, Pattimura University, Ambon City, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8448-2040

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37478/jupika.v9i2.8438

Abstract

Elementary students often struggle with abstract mathematical concepts such as Least Common Multiple (LCM) and Greatest Common Factor (GCF), which negatively impacts their learning outcomes and self-confidence. This study aimed to examine the effect of using congklak media on students’ mathematics learning outcomes and self-confidence in Grade IV at SD Negeri 71 Ambon. A quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group design was employed, involving 34 students divided into experimental (n=17) and control (n=17) classes. Data were collected through validated pretest-posttest instruments and a self-confidence questionnaire, then analyzed using Independent Sample t-test and a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results indicated a significant improvement in learning outcomes for the experimental class (mean = 78.29) compared to the control class (mean = 57.06), with Sig. = 0.001. Additionally, students’ self-confidence rose significantly from the low category (48.90%) to the high category (89.85%), confirmed by Sig. = 0.000. Classroom observations also revealed highly active student and teacher engagement. These findings demonstrate that congklak media is an effective, culturally relevant, and interactive learning tool that simultaneously enhances cognitive achievement and affective development in elementary mathematics education.

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Keywords:

Congklak Media, Elementary School, LCM And GCF, Learning Outcomes, Self-Confidence

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