Mitra Mahajana: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat

WORKSHOP ON DEVELOPING CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH PROPOSALS BASED ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

I Made Sulandra — 2026-05-03

This community service program aims to implement Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a tool to assist teachers in developing Classroom Action Research (CAR) proposals. The use of AI has significant potential to support a more adaptive, systematic, and efficient proposal-writing process, reducing the time required. Through this technology, teachers are expected to more easily formulate research problems, develop background sections, and design instructional actions for use in the classroom. In addition, the use of AI is expected to enhance teachers’ confidence in conducting independent research and to promote continuous improvement in the quality of teaching and learning. The program is carried out through several stages, including a needs analysis to identify teachers’ challenges, workshops and mentoring sessions on AI-based CAR proposal development, and evaluation and reflection to assess outcomes and plan future improvements. Through this program, teachers are expected not only to understand the concept of Classroom Action Research but also to be able to develop effective proposals and utilize AI appropriately in their academic activities.

REVITALIZING THE GOVERNANCE OF ISLAMIC PHILANTHROPIC ORGANIZATIONS THROUGH ASSISTANCE IN DEVELOPING STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES BASED ON AN EMPOWERMENT MINDSET

Agus Setyawanto — 2026-05-25

Revitalizing the governance of Islamic philanthropic organizations has become a strategic necessity amid the growing demands for professionalism, transparency, and the sustainability of community empowerment programs. Islamic philanthropic organizations are no longer sufficient to merely implement charity-based services that are consumptive in nature; instead, they need to develop an empowerment mindset as a new paradigm in managing social services oriented toward the empowerment of marginalized communities. This Community Service Program aimed to revitalize the governance of Islamic philanthropic organizations through assistance in developing administrative and service Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for autonomous bodies under the Yatim Mandiri Foundation operating in the fields of National Zakat Institutions (LAZNAS) and waqf management in Indonesia. The implementation method employed a participatory empowerment approach through observation, training, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), SOP drafting assistance, implementation simulations, and program evaluation. The results demonstrated an improvement in administrators’ capacity to understand modern organizational governance, the systematic development of administrative and service SOPs, and increased awareness among administrators of the importance of transforming services from charity-oriented to empowerment-oriented approaches. The assistance program also encouraged the emergence of a more professional, collaborative, and long-term social impact-oriented organizational culture through the strengthening of productive zakat and productive waqf programs. Therefore, revitalizing organizational governance through SOP assistance based on an empowerment mindset not only strengthened the institution’s administrative system but also became a strategic effort to transform the organizational culture of Islamic philanthropy into one that is more adaptive, participatory, and sustainable.

IMPROVING MOTHERS’ KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS OF HELMINTH INFECTION PREVENTION THROUGH BOOKLET-BASED HEALTH EDUCATION AT A COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTRE

Dela Riadi — 2026-05-26

Helminth infections remain a significant public health problem in Indonesia, particularly among young children. The high prevalence of helminth infection increases the risk of stunting, anaemia, and malnutrition. Prevention efforts are often hindered by limited public awareness and the misconception that helminth infection is not a serious health issue. This community service program aimed to improve mothers’ knowledge and awareness of helminth infection prevention through booklet-based health education at a community health centre. The participants comprised 12 mothers of young children who visited Community Health Centre X in Depok. The activity was conducted on April 24, 2026, using health counselling, group discussion, and question-and-answer sessions supported by educational booklets. Qualitative evaluation results indicated an improvement in mothers’ understanding of risk factors, transmission, and preventive measures related to helminth infections. In addition, community health volunteers demonstrated increased confidence and readiness to deliver health education to the wider community. In conclusion, booklet-based health education was effective in enhancing mothers’ knowledge and awareness, and community-based educational strategies can support the prevention of helminth infections among young children.

OPTIMIZATION OF MANGROVE UTILIZATION AS A FOOD RESOURCE AND STRENGTHENING THE ECONOMY OF COASTAL COMMUNITIES

Muh. Agus Salim — 2026-05-27

The coastal area of Klawalu Village possesses abundant mangrove ecosystem potential; however, its utilization by the community remains limited to ecological functions and has not been optimized as a source of food, health products, or economic improvement. This community service program aimed to enhance community knowledge and skills in mangrove utilization through education, training, and mentoring approaches based on multidisciplinary collaboration. The implementation methods included socialization on the benefits of mangroves, training on mangrove-based food product processing, education on the use of mangroves as natural health ingredients, and assistance in product marketing strategies to support the coastal community’s economy. The activities involved community groups, small and medium enterprises (SMEs), and village officials as primary partners. The results demonstrated an increase in community understanding regarding the potential of mangroves as a source of functional food and natural health ingredients, as well as improved skills in processing economically valuable mangrove-based products. In addition, this program encouraged greater public awareness of the importance of preserving mangrove ecosystems as sustainable natural resources. This community service initiative is expected to become a model for coastal community empowerment based on local potential that supports health, food security, and sustainable economic strengthening.

STRENGTHENING DATA-BASED OF INTERNAL QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEM THROUGH THE GROW COACHING APPROACH IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS

Desy Anita Karolina Sembiring — 2026-05-27

The implementation of the Internal Quality Assurance System (SPMI/SPMI) at the elementary school level in Indonesia still faces structural challenges, including limited capacity in data-based quality mapping using the Education Report. This community service activity aimed to strengthen elementary school principals' and operators' capacity in implementing data-based SPMI through a coaching workshop using the GROW (Goal–Reality–Option–Will) framework. The activity was conducted on 4 May 2026 at SD Negeri 4 Dampit, Malang Regency, attended by 105 participants from 50 elementary schools. Implementation methods included material presentation on the SPMI concept, education quality mapping based on the Rapor Mutu Pendidikan, and a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) divided into four problem categories: literacy, numeracy, character, and learning quality. Evaluation was conducted using pre-test/post-test and qualitative analysis of FGD outcomes. Results indicated a significant improvement in participants' understanding, with the average score increasing from 76.44 to 87.42 on matched pairs (paired t-test t = 6.20; p < 0.001), Cohen's d = 0.73 (medium-to-large effect), and N-Gain = 0.42 (medium category). The proportion of participants in the "Excellent" category nearly doubled (22.1% to 43.3%), while the "Very Poor" category decreased significantly (18.6% to 4.4%). The FGD produced a problem mapping document and follow-up plan applicable to school-level quality improvement programs.

BASIC LEADERSHIP TRAINING TO ENHANCE PUBLIC SPEAKING SKILLS, LEADERSHIP AND MOTIVATION AMONG STUDENT COUNCIL MEMBERS

Maria Keisya Mbete — 2026-06-06

This community service program aimed to improve the public speaking, leadership, and motivation of student council administrators at State Senior High School 1 of West Riung, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, through Basic Leadership Training. The student council administrators faced several challenges, including low self-confidence in public speaking, limited leadership skills, insufficient motivation to organize, and a lack of experience managing school organizational activities. The program was implemented in three stages: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. During the preparation stage, participant needs were identified through observation, coordination with the school was conducted, and training materials were developed. The implementation stage consisted of lectures, group discussions, simulations, speech practices, ice-breaking activities, and leadership games. The training materials focused on public speaking, leadership, organizational motivation, and teamwork. The evaluation process involved observing participant engagement, administering response questionnaires, and assessing public speaking performance. The results demonstrated that the training program effectively increased participants’ confidence in speaking before an audience, enhanced their leadership skills in managing groups and discussions, and strengthened their motivation to implement organizational programs within the school. Throughout the activities, participants showed greater enthusiasm, active participation, self-confidence, and collaboration skills. The positive responses and high level of engagement indicated that the training provided a meaningful learning experience for the student council administrators. Therefore, Basic Leadership Training can serve as an effective approach to fostering communicative, disciplined, responsible, and leadership-oriented student character within school organizations.

ENHANCING HOUSEHOLD ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT THROUGH ENTREPRENEURSHIP-ORIENTED HYDROPONIC TRAINING

Yuni Sri Rahayu — 2026-06-04

The rapid development of urban areas has reduced productive land availability and increased food demands among urban communities. This condition also occurs in Menur Pumpungan Subdistrict, Surabaya, where limited green open spaces and underutilised household land reduce opportunities for household-based food production and productive economic activities. This community service program aimed to improve the knowledge and skills of residents, particularly PKK women groups, in household-scale hydroponic cultivation based on entrepreneurship. The program employed a participatory empowerment approach through preparation, implementation, evaluation, and reflection stages. Activities were conducted through lectures, demonstrations, hands-on practice, discussions, and mentoring related to simple hydroponic cultivation, the production of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) from household organic waste, and entrepreneurship development. Program evaluation was carried out using observation, documentation, and participant response questionnaires with a Likert scale ranging from 1–5. The results showed that participants responded very positively to the program, with evaluation scores ranging from 4.0 to 4.9. The training also generated tangible impacts, including improved participant skills in implementing simple hydroponic systems at home, utilizing kitchen waste as liquid organic fertilizer, and increasing motivation to develop household-based businesses from hydroponic products. This program contributed not only to improving community knowledge and practical skills but also to strengthening women’s empowerment, household food security, and sustainable urban household economic resilience.

TECHNICAL GUIDANCE HOUSEHOLD ORGANIC WASTE FERTILIZER PRODUCTION TO SUPPORT URBAN FARMING ON ANTHROPOGENIC LAND FOR THE DASAWISMA GROUPS

La Ode Rustam — 2026-06-07

The continuous availability of household waste represents an adaptive resource potential for organic fertilizer production. The availability of organic fertilizer is highly crucial for optimizing crop cultivation on anthropogenic land (degraded land caused by Type C quarrying) surrounding community residential yards. This Internal Community Partnership Program (PKMI) aimed to enhance partners' understanding of managing degraded land to restore its productivity, and to improve their knowledge regarding the independent conversion of household waste into ready-to-use organic fertilizer. The target partners of this program were the Gunung Sakura and Bunga Sakura Dasawisma Groups in Mandonga Village, Kendari City. The implementation methods comprised program socialization, technical guidance (training) on decomposition engineering utilizing EM4 bioactivator and rice bran through the field capacity method, and periodic monitoring and evaluation. The evaluation results demonstrated that the PKMI program was successfully executed, achieving a program outcomes attainment rate of 80.0%, which exceeded the success indicator target (>75%). Post-activity, the Dasawisma groups achieved a 100% level of comprehension in identifying potential organic waste components. Furthermore, they acquired technical knowledge and skills (100% in the problem-solving aspect) to independently produce solid organic fertilizer within a 14–21 day fermentation period. The generated fertilizer product serves as an effective solution for restoring backyard soil fertility and supporting the sustainability of urban farming.

IMPLEMENTATION OF CLASSROOM VISITS THROUGH COLLABORATIVE TEACHING AMONG ECONOMICS EDUCATION STUDENTS

Marsel Nande — 2026-06-09

This article describes the implementation of classroom visits through teaching collaboration by 4th-semester Economic Education students at SMP Negeri 7 Nangpanda. The activity aims to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and teaching practice, equipping prospective teachers with pedagogical, professional, social, and personal competencies. An experiential learning approach was adopted, involving 22 students guided by a supervising lecturer. The implementation consisted of four structured stages: classroom observation, students examined teaching lesson plans (RPP) in accordance with the school curriculum, which were then reviewed by the supervising teacher. During teaching practice, students delivered lessons using interactive lectures, question-and-answer sessions, and group discussions with simple instructional media. In identifying challenges such as nervousness, classroom management difficulties, and limited media variety. Overall, the activity ran well and significantly contributed to improving students' teaching competencies. Students demonstrated responsibility, confidence, and commitment as prospective educators. This activity is recommended as an innovative learning strategy for preparing competent, adaptive, and professionally committed teachers.

THE APPLICATION OF CROSSWORD PUZZLES IN MATHEMATICS LEARNING

Yasinta Yenita Dhiki — 2026-06-12

Mathematics learning often causes difficulties for junior high school students, especially in basic topics such as integer operations. Many students encounter difficulties understanding the concepts of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of integers, particularly when the material is presented as word problems. To overcome these problems, we, students of the Mathematics Study Program at Universitas Flores, implemented an innovative learning medium in the form of crossword puzzles integrated with Student Worksheets (Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik/LKPD). This activity was conducted at SMPK Wawonato and involved 20 students of class VII B. The crossword puzzles were designed to contain word problems related to integer operations, while the student worksheets functioned to review students’ initial and final abilities. The results of the activity showed that implementing crossword puzzles and student worksheets increased students’ enthusiasm and motivation for learning and improved their understanding of integer operations. Students became more actively involved in group discussions and were able to solve word problems more effectively.

DIGITAL-BASED ADMINISTRATIVE GOVERNANCE MENTORING FOR ACHIEVING EFFECTIVE SCHOOLS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION, KINDERGARTEN AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOL UNITS

Ahmad Matinul Haq — 2026-06-16

Orderly administrative governance is a foundation for building effective schools, yet it remains a challenge for many educational units in rural areas. This community service program aimed to strengthen human resource capacity and organize administration at Early Childhood Education Muslimat NU, Kindergarten Wijaya Kusuma, and SDN Sumengko in Sumengko Village, Kedungpring District, Lamongan Regency, which still faced manual administration, lack of standardization, and minimal digitalization. The program was conducted from February to May 2026 through six stages: preparation, training (40 hours), technology adoption, offline and online mentoring, monitoring, and evaluation. The instruments used included knowledge tests (pre-test and post-test), administrative completeness supervision sheets, questionnaires, and focus group discussions. Data were analyzed using descriptive percentages and N-gain. The results showed that the average participant understanding increased from 45.5 to 83.4 (N-gain = 0.70; high category). Administrative completeness increased from 48% to 87%, while administrative digitalization evolved from a manual system to a structured digital system through the implementation of a spreadsheet-based Effective-School Administrative Governance System comprising 15 modules. The program also produced standardized administrative documents, supervision instruments, a KPI dashboard, and Quality Improvement Teams in each educational unit. It was concluded that digital-based administrative governance mentoring effectively improved human resource competence and administrative completeness while supporting the realization of more effective schools. Program sustainability is directed through periodic mentoring, training of trainers, the development of administrative standard operating procedures (SOPs), and the expansion of the model to other educational units in the surrounding area.

COMMUNITY SERVICE ACTIVITIES USING EXPERIMENTAL SIMULATIONS AND PHYSICS LEARNING MEDIA

Angelina Rahma — 2026-06-20

Physics learning at SMA Negeri 1 Riung Barat faces real obstacles in the form of limited laboratory facilities and a lack of practical tools, so the learning process tends to be theoretical and makes it difficult for students to understand abstract concepts. This community service activity aims to improve the quality of physics learning using experimental simulations and innovative teaching aids, improving conceptual understanding, experimental skills, and fostering student learning motivation. The activity was carried out on May 23, 2026, targeting students in grades X, XI, and XII, and physics teachers. The implementation method included a preparation stage (survey and coordination), followed by socialization and interactive demonstrations of various alternative media such as static electricity teaching aids, hydraulic pumps, and rigid body equilibrium. After the demonstration, students carried out direct practice in small groups with the guidance of the community service team and teachers. Evaluation was carried out through observation of involvement and distribution of participant response questionnaires. The results of the activity showed an increase in students' conceptual understanding and experimental skills. The performance evaluation recorded an increase in the ability to use teaching aids from the "Low" to "Good" category, and observation and measurement skills increased from the "Fair" to "Good" category. In addition, the level of student activity jumped from the "Medium" to the "High" category. Ninety-two per cent of participants expressed great satisfaction with the program. As a form of sustainability, the program produced outputs in the form of simple experiment modules, video documentation for dissemination, and a guide to using teaching aids to support teachers in independently implementing lab-based learning.

COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT TO SUPPORT THE IMPROVEMENT OF RURAL COMMUNITY WELFARE IN MANYAR DISTRICT GRESIK

Bhagaskoro Ardhianto Kurniawan — 2026-06-22

The purpose of this community service project is to encourage business ownership and responsible business practices among the residents of Manyar Village, Gresik District, enabling them to establish their own businesses, improve the living conditions of their communities, and compete successfully in a dynamic market environment. The program was implemented through educational activities, training, capacity building, and mentoring. The initial stage involved surveying community conditions in Manyar District to identify the appropriate location and target participants for the program. This was followed by the implementation stage, which included training and capacity-building activities designed to foster an entrepreneurial mindset. The educational materials covered six topics: (1) Basic Concepts of Entrepreneurship, (2) Key Entrepreneurial Characteristics, (3) Creative and Innovative Thinking, (4) Action-Oriented Behaviour, (5) Identifying Personal Hobbies and Transforming Them into Business Ideas, and (6) Ethical Entrepreneurship. In addition to the training sessions, participants received mentoring and hands-on practice opportunities, including the development of business plans using the Business Model Canvas framework and the presentation of their business ideas. The final stage consisted of monitoring and evaluation activities to assess the effectiveness and success of the program. The results indicated increased entrepreneurial motivation, greater self-confidence in starting or expanding businesses, and enhanced ability to apply entrepreneurial knowledge after gaining an understanding of the importance of an entrepreneurial mindset. As a result of participating in this Community Service Program, community members developed an entrepreneurial perspective that is expected to contribute to improving the financial well-being of local families.

STRENGTHENING THE CAPACITY OF MOSQUE ADMINISTRATORS IN UTILIZING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY TO ENHANCE THE COMMUNITY'S ISLAMIC ECONOMY

Silvy Windha Mediaswari — 2026-06-23

Mosques play a strategic role as centres of worship, education, social activity, and community economic empowerment. However, some mosque administrators still face limitations in utilizing digital technology for administration, financial transparency, infaq services, and the strengthening of congregational businesses. This community service activity aimed to enhance the capacity of mosque administrators in using simple digital technologies to support the strengthening of the community-based Islamic economy. The activity employed a participatory approach through needs identification, socialization, technical training, guided practice, and evaluation. The participants were 30 administrators of Sabilulhuda Boki Owutango Mosque in Kota Timur District, Gorontalo City. The materials covered mosque digital literacy, cloud-based document management, and the use of QRIS-based digital payments for infaq and sadaqah. The results showed an increase in participants’ understanding, from an initial average score of 2.56 to 4.84 in the final evaluation. The outputs of the activity included a digital mosque cashbook format, forms for collecting data on congregants and their businesses, a design for the mosque’s digital information channel, and a simple catalogue of congregational businesses. This activity demonstrates that practice-based digital training can strengthen the capacity of mosque administrators to manage institutional services in a more orderly, transparent, and adaptive manner. Further mentoring is needed to ensure that mosque digitalization does not stop at technical mastery of digital tools but develops into a sustainable Islamic economic empowerment system.

STUNTING PREVENTION THROUGH A COMBINATION OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND SIMULATION GAMES

Putri Widita Muharyani — 2026-06-25

Stunting is a chronic malnutrition problem caused by a long-term lack of nutritional intake due to food not meeting children's nutritional needs. It is important for the community, especially mothers of infants and toddlers, to have the knowledge and skills to meet children's nutritional needs to prevent stunting. The purpose of this community service activity is to empower the community to implement stunting prevention measures. The target of the activity is mothers with infants and toddlers in the Sako Community Health Centre working area. The method of implementation of the activity is community empowerment through educational activities using the SiDu Card simulation games. The results obtained before the community service activity were only 11 mothers (36.7%) who had good knowledge regarding stunting and fulfilling nutrition for children. After the education and simulation games, more than half of the mothers had good knowledge (76.7%). This community service activity was able to increase community knowledge regarding stunting and fulfilling nutritional needs for children. The necessary follow-up plan is regular monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of education carried out by the community health centre and cadres using the SiDu Card as one of the educational media related to fulfilling nutritional needs to prevent stunting in children.

ENHANCING DIGITAL CONTENT DESIGN LITERACY THROUGH CANVA TRAINING FOR PARTICIPANTS IN THE 2026 PHASE 2 NATIONAL COMMUNITY SERVICE PROGRAM

Ferdinandus Lidang Witi — 2026-06-28

Digital transformation demands that the younger generation develop the ability to create creative and communicative digital content. One important skill to develop is digital content design with the easily accessible, user-friendly Canva platform. The 2026 National Community Service Phase 2, themed "Becoming a Digital Content Design Expert with Canva for High School Students," aims to improve participants' understanding and skills in digital content design. The activity was held online on May 16 and 23, 2026, through a collaboration between various universities and organizations in Indonesia. The implementation method included preparation, implementation, and evaluation stages. Learning was conducted through webinars, demonstrations, hands-on practice, interactive discussions, and questions and answers. The evaluation used pre-test and post-test instruments with a Likert scale of 1–5, attended by 344 participants in the pre-test and 277 participants in the post-test. The evaluation results showed an increase in the average score from 3.44 to 3.74, an increase of 8.72%. The highest increase occurred in the indicator of understanding visual design concepts, from 3.15 to 3.63. Furthermore, the understanding of information layout increased from 3.15 to 3.56, and the understanding of Canva usage increased from 3.89 to 4.06. These results indicate that the training was effective in improving participants' digital literacy, creativity, and visual communication skills. Participant responses also demonstrated high interest in developing advanced digital competencies, particularly Canva's integration with Artificial Intelligence (AI), AI-based content creation, digital marketing, and personal branding. This activity demonstrates that Canva-based digital content design training can be an effective tool to support the sustainable development of the younger generation's digital competencies.

UTILIZING PLASTIC WASTE AS A VILLAGE LANDMARK THROUGH ECOBRICK TECHNOLOGY

Stefanus H Gusti Ma — 2026-07-01

Plastic waste management is one of the environmental problems that continues to grow in rural areas, including in Dile Village, Detusoko District, Ende Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. This community service activity aims to utilize plastic waste into Ecobricks as material for making the Dile Village name icon, develop sustainable environmental education media, and increase public participation and awareness in plastic waste management. The activity was carried out on June 13, 2026, at the Dile Village office by 24 Semester VI students of the Economic Education Study Program, University of Flores, accompanied by lecturers. The method used is an implementative approach based on active participation with participatory observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. The program was implemented through six stages, namely committee formation, initial observation, coordination with the village government, Ecobrick production, evaluation, and icon installation. The results of the activity showed that 700 plastic bottles were successfully processed into Ecobricks and assembled into an icon written "DILE VILLAGE", which was installed at the Dile Village Office. The presence of this icon has received a positive response from village officials and the community, as it strengthens the village's visual identity and serves as an educational tool regarding the importance of educational, aesthetic, and sustainable waste management. As a follow-up, this program is recommended for further development through community and village government involvement and replication in other villages facing similar plastic waste issues.

STRENGTHENING ECONOMICS LESSON PLANNING THROUGH LOCAL WISDOM INTEGRATION AND INTERACTIVE MEDIA FOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

Helena Rosalia Parera — 2026-07-11

This community service program aimed to strengthen the competence of economics teachers and to improve student engagement in learning through training in lesson planning based on local wisdom and the use of interactive learning media at SMAK Syuradikara. The program adopted a participatory approach through needs analysis, workshop activities, guided practice, classroom implementation, and evaluation. The participants were economics teachers and selected students involved in trial implementation. The activities focused on the development of contextual lesson plans by integrating local economic practices, social values, and community-based examples into learning materials. The workshop also introduced simple interactive media such as digital modules, interactive presentations, and smartbook-style materials that could be used offline or online according to school conditions. The evaluation showed an improvement in teachers’ understanding of lesson planning, better quality of lesson plans, and higher student participation during trial lessons. The program produced several local-wisdom-based lesson plans, learning media drafts, and a practical guide for teachers. The results indicate that contextual and interactive learning design can strengthen the relevance, attractiveness, and effectiveness of economics learning in senior high school.

THE UTILIZATION OF DIGITAL MARKETING STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE TILAPIA MARKETING AT MERUYUNG FISH FARM

Fitri Wahyuni — 2026-07-18

The main challenges faced by freshwater fish farming MSMEs, such as Meruyung Fish Farm in Depok, are the efficiency of the aeration system and conventional marketing management. This results in low productivity, high operational costs, and minimal market competitiveness. To overcome these problems, the community service team implemented two strategic solutions: technology and innovation, as well as improvements in marketing management. The technological approach focused on the design and application of Superchargers as an energy-efficient aeration system. This technology can effectively increase dissolved oxygen levels, which positively impacts fish growth, feed efficiency, and survival rates. Previous research shows that one Supercharger unit can aerate up to 10 pounds, significantly reducing energy consumption compared to conventional methods. On the other hand, marketing management improvements were carried out through business incubation and digital marketing. These activities include training in processed product diversification, promotional content creation, social media and e-commerce management. Thus, this program not only improves productivity from a technical perspective but also strengthens the business capacity of partners to be more competitive and sustainable in the market. The expected outcome is a 20% increase in the production capacity and sales turnover of partners.

UTILIZATION OF TRICHO-COMPOST AND LOCAL MICROORGANISMS TO SUPPORT ORGANIC FARMING FOR THE ORA ET LABORA FARMER GROUP IN KUPANG CITY

Mayavira Veronica Hahuly — 2026-07-20

The “Ora et Labora” Farmer Group in Naioni Village, Kupang City, has developed horticultural and livestock farming on a three-hectare area cultivating long beans, tomatoes, and chilli peppers using a drip irrigation system. Despite these advancements, farmers remain dependent on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which over time damage soil structure, reduce fertility, and disrupt the balance of soil microorganisms. To address this issue, an organic farming system was introduced as an environmentally friendly alternative using tricho-compost based on Trichoderma spp. and Local Microorganisms (MOL). Tricho-compost improves nutrient availability and suppresses soil-borne pathogens, while MOL acts as a natural starter for organic matter fermentation and a potential biocontrol agent. This Community Service Program (PKM) aimed to enhance farmers’ understanding and skills in producing and applying tricho-compost and MOL. The results demonstrated improved knowledge, technical ability, and motivation among farmers to independently implement organic farming, thereby promoting sustainable and environmentally friendly cultivation systems.

INTEGRATED TRAINING ON HEALTH MANAGEMENT, NUTRITION, REPRODUCTION, AND BREEDING OF GOATS AND SHEEP

Suwarno Suwarno — 2026-07-22

Community-based goat and sheep farming often faces challenges related to animal health management, feed technology, reproductive management, and breeding practices, which limit livestock productivity. This community service program aimed to improve farmers' knowledge and skills through integrated training covering animal health, feed technology, reproductive technology, and molecular breeding using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The program was implemented using lectures, interactive discussions, demonstrations, and pretest–posttest evaluations to assess participants' knowledge improvement. The results showed increased knowledge across all training topics. In animal health management, knowledge of infectious diseases, reproductive tract infections, and mineral and vitamin deficiencies increased by 30%, while knowledge of parasitic diseases increased by 20%. Feed technology training improved participants' understanding of agricultural waste utilization and feed fermentation by 10%, while knowledge of nutritional requirements and prevention of postnatal kid mortality increased by 20%. Reproductive technology training resulted in knowledge improvements ranging from 20% to 40%, with the highest increase observed in understanding reproductive organs (40%). In breeding training, knowledge of phenotypic selection increased by 10%, whereas understanding of genotypic selection using PCR increased by 40%. Overall, the integrated training effectively enhanced farmers' knowledge and provided practical skills that support sustainable goat and sheep production. Continuous mentoring and technology adoption are recommended to maximize the long-term impact of the training program on livestock productivity and farmer welfare.

STRENGTHENING PRE-SERVICE BIOLOGY TEACHERS' COMPETENCIES IN DEVELOPING HOTS-ORIENTED COGNITIVE ASSESSMENTS THROUGH THE ASSESSMENT LINK APPLICATION AT UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA

Endang Susantini — 2026-07-25

The growing emphasis on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in twenty-first-century education requires pre-service teachers to possess adequate competencies in designing cognitive assessments aligned with the revised Bloom's Taxonomy. However, many pre-service biology teachers continue to experience difficulties in constructing HOTS-oriented assessment items and integrating digital technology into assessment practices. This community engagement program aimed to enhance the competencies of pre-service biology teachers at Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) in developing HOTS-oriented biology assessment items using the Assessment Link application. The program adopted a participatory, training-based approach integrated with structured mentoring and was implemented through a blended learning model consisting of face-to-face workshops and online mentoring. Program effectiveness was evaluated using pre-test and post-test instruments, participant assignments, observation sheets, and response questionnaires. The findings demonstrated that participants' mean score increased from 59.72 on the pre-test to 71.92 on the post-test, representing an average learning gain of 12.20 points. Participants also demonstrated improved competence in constructing HOTS-oriented biology assessment items and showed positive engagement throughout the training and mentoring activities. The integration of the Assessment Link application facilitated systematic assessment development while strengthening participants' digital assessment literacy. The program concludes that combining HOTS-oriented pedagogical training with digital assessment technology effectively improves pre-service teachers' assessment competencies and provides a sustainable model for teacher professional development in response to the educational demands of the twenty-first century and the Society 5.0 era.

INNOVATION IN KATUK LEAF-BASED PRODUCTS ROOTED IN COASTAL LOCAL WISDOM TO SUPPORT BREAST MILK PRODUCTION AND HEALTH SELF-SUFFICIENCY AMONG BREASTFEEDING MOTHERS

Mien Mien — 2026-07-31

Exclusive breastfeeding is recognized as one of the most effective interventions for improving maternal and infant health. However, breastfeeding practices remain influenced by mothers' limited knowledge and the underutilization of local food resources that may support milk production. Katuk leaves (Sauropus androgynus) are traditionally known as a natural galactagogue, although their use in coastal communities is still largely confined to vegetable dishes. This community service program aims to strengthen the knowledge and practical skills of breastfeeding mothers through health education and training on the preparation of katuk leaf nuggets as a local functional food. The program was implemented in the working area of Puskesmas Mata, Kendari City, involving 25 breastfeeding mothers. Activities consisted of health education, demonstrations, practical sessions, mentoring, and evaluation using a 10-item knowledge questionnaire and a 12-item observational checklist. Changes in participants' scores before and after the intervention were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. The findings indicated a significant improvement in knowledge, with the median score increasing from 6 to 8 (p < 0.05). Practical skills also improved significantly, with the median score increasing from 6 to 11 (p < 0.05). Before the training, all participants were categorized as unskilled, whereas 96% achieved the skilled category after the intervention. To encourage sustainability, participants received educational modules, recipe booklets, leaflets, product samples, and packaging labels. The program demonstrated that combining health education with practical training based on locally available resources can strengthen community capacity to support exclusive breastfeeding and may be adopted as part of routine maternal and child health promotion activities.

EMPOWERMENT OF MOTHERS OF CHILDREN UNDER TWO THROUGH EDUCATION AND LOCAL COASTAL FOOD-BASED COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING TRAINING FOR STUNTING PREVENTION

Herta Masthalina — 2026-08-05

Stunting remains a significant public health challenge in Indonesia. Bagan Serdang Village, a coastal area in Deli Serdang Regency, recorded stunting and underweight rates among children under two of 25.9% and 29.6%, respectively, exceeding national averages. Despite abundant local marine resources, only 25.9% of mothers had good knowledge, and 37% had good skills in processing local food-based complementary feeding. This program aimed to improve mothers' knowledge and skills in preparing local coastal food-based complementary feeding for stunting prevention. A participatory community empowerment approach was applied involving 27 mothers of children under two, 5 posyandu cadres, and 5 PKK members in Bagan Serdang Village from February to May 2026. Activities included nutrition counselling through interactive lectures and booklet-based education, and complementary feeding preparation practice using local coastal food ingredients (lemuru fish, yellow stripe scad, and small shrimp). Knowledge and skills were assessed through pre-test and post-test questionnaires and direct observation checklists, analyzed descriptively. Knowledge in the good category improved significantly from 25.9% to 100%, while skills improved from 37.0% to 100%. The greatest improvement occurred in understanding the nutritional value of local coastal food and hygienic processing techniques. Five local food-based complementary feeding recipes were developed along with a nutrition education booklet and recipe book distributed to all participants. The combination of interactive counselling, cooking demonstrations, and direct practice proved highly effective, consistent with findings from similar studies. The empowerment program significantly improved mothers' knowledge and skills in local coastal food-based complementary feeding for stunting prevention. The participatory approach is replicable in other coastal areas with similar marine resource characteristics.

EMPOWERING FAMILY WELFARE AND MEMBERS THROUGH BLENDED LEARNING TRAINING AND DIGITAL APPLICATION UTILIZATION FOR HOME-BASED ENGLISH LEARNING ASSISTANCE

Ch. Evy Tri Widyahening — 2026-08-08

This article discusses a community service program focused on introducing the concept of blended learning and its implementation in English language learning for members of the family welfare and empowering the RW 01 community organization in Sangkrah Village, Pasar Kliwon District, Surakarta. The program aimed to introduce blended learning as a flexible and effective instructional model to enhance participants' English language proficiency. The methods employed included interactive lectures, video presentations on blended learning, group discussions, and simulations of technology-assisted learning. Throughout the program, participants were encouraged to identify the characteristics and practical applications of blended learning in educational settings. The results indicated that participants developed a better understanding of the blended learning concept and demonstrated increased motivation to learn English. Furthermore, they were able to utilize supporting technologies, such as smartphones and learning applications, to facilitate a more flexible, effective, and engaging English learning experience. This program is expected to serve as an initial step toward improving digital literacy and English language proficiency among fam?ly welfare and empowerment members while providing an example of an innovative learning model that can be adapted to various community-based educational activities.