Pengaruh Kewirausahaan terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Pra dan Pascapandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37478/jeq.v6i1.7605Abstract
Ketika terjadi guncangan ekonomi, suatu negara membutuhkan faktor pendorong ekonomi untuk memastikan ekonomi kembali pulih secepatnya pada periode pascakrisis. Kewirausahaan memiliki potensi besar untuk menjaga ketahanan ekonomi dari berbagai guncangan ekonomi global. Untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian kewirausahaan sebagai bentuk ketahanan nasional, penelitian ini menganalisis dampak dari kewirausahaan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia sebelum dan sesudah pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari jenis kewirausahaan yang berbeda, wirausaha pemula dan wirausaha pemula, terhadap kinerja perekonomian Indonesia. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan data time series tahun 1997 - 2024 dan metode ordinary least squares. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meningkatnya jumlah wirausaha pemula dan wirausaha mapan akan diikuti penurunan terhadap pertumbuhan PDB per kapita. Dengan skala usaha yang kecil dan profit yang rendah, wirausaha pemula dinilai kurang memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap ekonomi. Sementara itu, jumlah wirausaha mapan terbilang sedikit dari keseluruhan wirausaha yang ada di Indonesia. Namun, pascapandemi, kedua jenis wirausaha tersebut berkontribusi terhadap pertumbuhan PDB per kapita, menunjukkan kemampuan wirausaha untuk bertahan dan beradaptasi terhadap guncangan global seperti Covid-19.
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